The goal of ovulation induction is to stimulate egg development within a follicle and then produce ovulation. This occurs when the follicle ruptures and the ovum or egg is discharged. Historically speaking, meds were used to induce ovulation of a single ovum in women who did not ovulate.
Then the meds were used to increase the number eggs and thus increase chances of pregnancy. These meds add cost, increase the number of office visits needed, can cause ovarian hyperstimulation and pregnancies with 2 or more fetuses. Despite the inconveniences, ovulation induction is used when indicated.